From: Hoff Hoffman [hoffman@xdelta.zko.dec.nospam] Sent: Thursday, July 03, 2003 1:15 PM To: Info-VAX@Mvb.Saic.Com Subject: OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), Part 6/9 DECwindows o The system parameter WINDOW_SYSTEM is not set to 1. While this was a common way for system managers to disable the DECwindows server startup, it is not particularly reliable as DECwindows can now "correct" this setting. If you really do not want an OpenVMS system with workstation hardware to bootstrap and configure itself as a workstation, add the following definition to SYLOGICALS.COM: $ DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXEC DECW$IGNORE_WORKSTATION TRUE o You may not have a valid DECwindows Motif license loaded. To check for the two most common types of Motif product authorization keys (PAKs), use the following DCL commands: $ LICENSE LIST DW-MOTIF/FULL $ LICENSE LIST NET-APP-SUP*/FULL and examine the information displayed. Make sure that one of these licenses is present, valid and active. o Check that the DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM is correct for the graphics controller in use. For instance: The following is from the 9FX Vision 330 Owners Guide, EK-V330G-OG pg 2-9. Place the following in DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM, creatibng .COM from .TEMPLATE if necessary. Locate the DECW$PRIVATE_ SERVER_SETUP.COM file in SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSMGR] or in SYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR] as appropriate; the former file is used for this system within a cluster configuration, and the latter is used for all systems that do not also have a local copy of this file in SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSMGR]. $ DECW$XSIZE_IN_PIXELS == xvalue $ DECW$YSIZE_IN_PIXELS == yvalue $ DEFINE/SYSTEM DECW$SERVER_REFRESH_RATE rate_in_Hz Also see Section 11.12. Details of the PowerStorm 3D30 and 4D20 settings are available in the OpenVMS Ask The Wizard area. 11-7 DECwindows __________________________________________________________ 11.7 How do I set the title on a DECterm window? If you are creating a new DECterm window, check $ HELP CREATE /TERMINAL /WINDOW_ATTRIBUTES If you want to change the title of an existing window, use the following control sequences, where is the ANSI escape code, value decimal 27, and "text label" is what you want to display: To set the DECterm title, send: ]21;text label\ To set the icon label, send: ]2L;text label\ To set both the DECterm title and icon to the full device name: $ esc[0,7] = 27 $ fulldevnam = F$Edit(F$GetDVI("TT","FULLDEVNAM"),"UPCASE,COLLAPSE") $ write sys$output esc+ "]21;" + fulldevnam + esc + "\" $ write sys$output esc+ "]2L;" + fulldevnam + esc + "\" You can also change the title and the icon using the Options-Window... menu. Also see Section 12.1 and Section 8.11. __________________________________________________________ 11.8 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen? To customize various DECwindows Motif characteristics including the defaults used by the SET DISPLAY command, the DECwindows login screen background logo used (the default is the DIGITAL, Compaq, or HP logo), various keymaps, the FileView defaults, session manager defaults, the DECwindows login processing, DECwindows log file processing, and various other DECwindows attributes, see the example file: $ SYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_APPS_SETUP.TEMPLATE 11-8 DECwindows This example template file is typically copied over to the filename SYS$COMMON:[SYS$STARTUP]DECW$PRIVATE_ APPS_SETUP.COM and then modified to meet site-specific requirements. Additionally, various X tools such as xsetroot, bitmap and xrdb-some these can be useful in customizing the appearance of an application or of the DECwindows Motif display-are provided in the DECW$UTILS: area. When using DECwindows V1.2-4 and later on OpenVMS Alpha, the default desktop is the Common Desktop Environment (CDE). You can select your preferred desktop (CDE or DECwindows Motif) when logging in, or you can change the default to the DECwindows Motif desktop using the DCL symbol decw$start_new_ desktop in the DECwindows private application setup command procedure. See SYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_APPS_ SETUP.TEMPLATE for further details, and how to create DECW$PRIVATE_APPS_SETUP.COM. Note that with DECwindows CDE, the root window is no longer visible by default. The root window is hidden behind the "backdrop" window of the current CDE workspace. To make the root window visible, use the CDE style manager selection "backdrop none", and use information such as that in the OpenVMS FAQ to set the root window. To add a new backdrop to the DECwindows CDE environment, the backdrop must first be in or be converted into X11 pixmap format. (This conversion is often possible using tools such as xv.) Then (if necessary) create the default backdrop directory SYS$COMMON:[CDE$DEFAULTS.USER.BACKDROPS]. Place the X11 pixmap file containing the desired image into the backdrops directory, ensure that it has a filename extension of .PM. (The xv default filename extension for the X11 pixmap file is .XPM, while CDE expects only to see files with .PM.) Now invoke the CDE style manager and select a new backdrop. You will find your image will be placed at the end of the list of backdrops available. 11-9 DECwindows __________________________________________________________ 11.9 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput() work on OpenVMS? Yes, XtAppAddInput() does work on OpenVMS. The MIT definition of the X Windows call XtAppAddInput() includes platform-specific arguments. On platforms where C is the typically the primary programming language for the platform, the file descriptor mask is one of the arguments to the XtAppAddInput() call. On OpenVMS, the platform-specific arguments to this call include an event flag and an IOSB, as these are the traditional OpenVMS constructs used to synchronize the completion of asynchronous operations. While it would be easier to port non-OpenVMS C code that calls XtAppAddInput() over to OpenVMS if the arguments included the C file descriptor, this would make the call unusable from other OpenVMS languages, and would make it extremely difficult to use OpenVMS features such as ASTs and sys$qio calls. One restriction on the event flag: the event flag chosen must be from event flag cluster zero. When using the traditional lib$get_ef and lib$free_ef calls to allocate and deallocate event flags, you must first explicitly call lib$free_ef to free up some event flags in event flag cluster zero. Please see the event flag documentation for specific details on these calls and for specific event flags that can be freed in event flag cluster zero. Here is some example code that covers calling this routine on OpenVMS: 11-10 DECwindows m->InputID = XtAppAddInput( m->AppCtx, m->InputEF, m->InputIosb, the_callback, 1 ); if ( !((int) m->InputID )) { XtAppErrorMsg( m->AppCtx, "invalidDevice", "XtAppAddInput", "XtToolkitError", "Can't Access Device", (String *) NULL, (Cardinal *) NULL ); ... __________________________________________________________ 11.10 Why do the keyboard arrow keys move the DECwindows cursor? Congratulations, you have just stumbled into "dead rodent" mode. This DECwindows environment-where the keyboard arrow keys move the mouse cursor and where the [SELECT], [PREV], and [NEXT] keys emulate the three mouse buttons-allows rudimentary system operations when the mouse is among the casualties. To enter or exit "dead rodent" mode, enter the following: __________________________________________________________ 11.11 Why does half my DECwindows display blank? This is likely a result of receiving an OPCOM or other console message on a system that shares the system console with the DECwindows graphics workstation display. You can toggle off the console display window using and you can enable a serial console per Section 14.3.6 or Section 14.3.3.3. 11-11 DECwindows Also see the console message window application available with recent DECwindows versions-DECwindows versions V1.2-3 and later will enable this window by default. For details on this console message window, see the DECW$CONSOLE_SELECTION option in SYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_APPS_SETUP.TEMPLATE. On older releases, you can disable output using the following: $ SET TERMINAL/PERMANENT/NOBROADCAST OPA0: $ DEFINE/USER SYS$COMMAND OPA0: $ REPLY/DISABLE Also see Section 14.3.3.2, Section 14.19, and Also see Section 8.3, __________________________________________________________ 11.12 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system? To resolve the following error: %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system -DECW-I-NODECW, DECwindows graphics drivers will not be loaded o Ensure that the system parameter WINDOW_SYSTEM is set to 1. If it is not set to a value of 1, issue the commands: $ run sys$system:sysgen USE CURRENT SET WINDOW_SYSTEM 1 WRITE ACTIVE WRITE CURRENT EXIT Then reboot the system. o On OpenVMS Alpha, ensure the SYSMAN IO PREFIX LIST is set correctly, and specifically ensure the DECW$ prefix is included in the existing list. If it is not, you will need to add it: 11-12 DECwindows $ run sys$system:sysman IO SHOW PREFIX IO SET PREFIX=(DECW$,*) * = list returned by the show command IO AUTO/LOG EXIT o Ensure that the image SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM.EXE is installed in memory. If it is not installed, then install it: $ INSTALL LIST/FULL SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM $ INSTALL REPLACE SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM $ EDIT SYS$MANAGER:SYCONFIG.COM $! The following line was added to install $! support for the Mach64 Graphics Card $! $ INSTALL REPLACE SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM $ ^Z Then reboot the system. The ICBM mechanism is not used on and not needed by more recent DECwindows versions. o If the system still complains "%DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system", then: o Boot the system as normal o Login as SYSTEM. o Create the file SYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]DECW$USER_ AUTOCONFIG.DAT. Protection must permit world read access. o Add the following string on the very first line: CLEAR_PFLAG = ISA_4BYTE o Save the file o Set the file protections $ SET PROTECTION=W:RE SYS$MANAGER:DECW$USER_AUTOCONFIG.DAT o Reboot the system Also see Section 11.6. 11-13 DECwindows __________________________________________________________ 11.13 How can I reset the warning bell volume? With DECwindows CDE drivers and ECOs starting with ECOs for the DECwindows keyboard driver SYS$IKBDRIVER.EXE in OpenVMS Alpha V7.1-2 and V7.2-1 and with the SYS$IKBDRIVER.EXE included in OpenVMS V7.2-1H1 and later, the DECwindows CDE controls will now correctly manage the setting of the warning bell volume. Unfortunately, the equivalent controls in the older DECwindows Motif interface are not compatible and can no longer manage the warning bell volume. If you need to manage the volume with DECwindows Motif, consider using the following approach: $ @decw$utils:decw$define_utils $ xset b 1 100 100 The numerics are the volume, pitch, and duration, respectively. Why? When OpenVMS first started supporting the PC-style keyboards, the X Windows Server and the keyboard driver interface did not support the pitch and duration, and neither did DECwindows Motif. The DECwindows keyboard driver was accordingly changed to use the volume from the keyclick setting (keyclick is not available in a PC-style keyboard) and the bell volume setting to control the pitch and duration. DECwindows CDE does provide sliders for setting pitch and duration, so the keyboard driver and X Windows Server were modified to provide all of the information, and now the DECwindows CDE sliders work. This change is unfortunately incompatible with the old scheme used on the pre-CDE desktops, and the volume controls are now incompatible with the current keyboard drivers. Hence the use of xset. 11-14 DECwindows __________________________________________________________ 11.14 How can I alter the DECwindows CDE backdrop? To select a separate backdrop to be displayed on each screen using DECwindows CDE: o Click on the Application Manager. This is the drawer icon on the CDE toolbar. o Click on Desktop Tools o Click on Set Default Screen and select the required screen o Click on the Style Manager. This is the one containing the mouse and ttt on the CDE toolbar o Now change the background. __________________________________________________________ 11.15 How can I enable the DECwindows TCP/IP Transport To configure the TCP/IP transport for DECwindows, first ensure that a TCP/IP package is installed and configured. Then set the DCL symbol DECW$SERVER_ TRANSPORTS in SYS$MANAGER:DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_ SETUP.COM to the appropriate local value, based on the comments in that file. If you do not have a copy of SYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM, the use the following COPY command to create this file based on the provided template file: $ COPY SYS$MANAGER:DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.TEMPLATE - $_ SYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM 11-15 _______________________________________________________ 12 Miscellaneous Information __________________________________________________________ 12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control sequences? Information on escape and control sequences can be found in the OpenVMS I/O User's Reference Manual, in the chapter on the terminal driver. The chapter also includes details on the general format and content of these sequences. Specific details on the escape and control sequences supported by a particular serial device are typically found in the documentation provided with the specific device. Information on the sequences supported by DECwindows DECterm terminal emulator are included in the DECwindows documentation. Examples of common escape and control sequences- those typically used by the OpenVMS screen management package-can be found in the OpenVMS system file SYS$SYSTEM:SMGTERMS.TXT. The following refers to the function keys on the LK- series keyboards found on the VT-series terminals such as the VT220 and VT510, and the LK-series keyboards found on the OpenVMS workstations, and the keyboards found on compatible terminals. (Though note that the keyboard itself does not generate the sequence, the terminal or terminal emulator generates the sequence in response to user input.) In the following, {CSI} is decimal code 155 and can be replaced by the sequence "{ESC}[" (without the quotes) particularly for seven- bit operations, SS3 is decimal code 143 and can be replaced by "{ESC}O" particularly for seven-bit operations. Older VT1xx series terminals and any other terminals operating with seven-bit characters should not be sent eight-bit operators such as {CSI} and {SS3}. 12-1 Miscellaneous Information PF1={SS3}P PF2={SS3}Q PF3={SS3}R PF4={SS3}S KP0={SS3}p KP1={SS3}q KP2={SS3}r KP3={SS3}s KP4={SS3}t KP5={SS3}u KP6={SS3}v KP7={SS3}w KP8={SS3}x KP9={SS3}y KPCOMMA={SS3}l KPMINUS={SS3}m KPPERIOD={SS3}n ENTER={SS3}M DNARROW={CSI}B UPARROW={CSI}A LFARROW={CSI}D RTARROW={CSI}C FIND={CSI}1~ INSERT={CSI}2~ REMOVE={CSI}3~ SELECT={CSI}4~ PREV={CSI}5~ NEXT={CSI}6~ F6={CSI}17~ F7={CSI}18~ F8={CSI}19~ F9={CSI}20~ F10={CSI}21~ F11={CSI}23~ F12={CSI}24~ F13={CSI}25~ F14={CSI}26~ HELP={CSI}28~ DO={CSI}29~ F17={CSI}31~ F18={CSI}32~ F19={CSI}33~ F20={CSI}34~ An example of working with escape sequences (in DCL) follows: $ esc5m = "*[5m" $ esc5m[0,8] = 27 $ esc0m = "*[0m" $ esc0m[0,8] = 27 $ write sys$output esc5m + "blinking text" + esc0m Documentation on an ANSI terminal relatively similar to the VT525 series is available at: o ftp://ftp.boundless.com/pub/text/adds/docs/260_prog/ o ftp://ftp.boundless.com/pub/text/adds/docs/260_user/ Also see the various documentation and manuals available at: o http://www.vt100.net/ Information on the ReGIS graphics character set is available at: o http://www.cs.utk.edu/~shuford/terminal/dec_regis_ news.txt Also: o http://www.boundless.com/Text_Terminals/VT/ Also see Section 11.7, Section 8.11. 12-2 Miscellaneous Information __________________________________________________________ 12.2 Does DECprint (DCPS) work with the LRA0 parallel port? The parallel printing port LRA0: found on many OpenVMS Alpha systems is capable of some bidirectional communications, with enough for basic operations with most parallel printers. DECprint (DCPS) requires more than just the simple handshaking provided by the LRA0: port, therefore DCPS does not work with the LRA0: port. __________________________________________________________ 12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape? You cannot know for certain, though you can certainly estimate the remaining capacity. Tape media is different than disk media, as disks have a known and pre-determined fixed capacity. Modern disks also appear logically perfect, based on bad block revectoring support and the extra blocks hidden within the disk structure for these bad block replacements. The capacity of tape media is not nearly as pre- determined, and the capacity can vary across different tape media (slightly different media lengths or different foil markers or other variations, for instance) and even on the same media over time (as bad spots in the media arise). Tapes can vary the amount of recording media required, depending on the remaining length of the tape, the numbers of correctable and uncorrectable media errors that might occur, the numbers and sizes of the inter-record gaps and related tape structure overhead, the particular media error recovery chosen, the tape density, the efficiently of any data compression in use, and the storage overhead required by BACKUP, tar, and other similar commands. BACKUP using with the default settings results in approximately 15% overhead, in terms of saveset size. (eg: Assuming a 500 KB input, the total size would be 575 KB.) Assuming no compression: 4 GB media / 575 KB saveset = 7294 savesets 12-3 Miscellaneous Information Assuming 1:2 compression: 8 GB media / 575 KB saveset = 14588 savesets Note: There are no inter-record gaps on DAT tapes. (When determining media capacity, you have to consider these with nine-track magtape media. Not with DAT (DDS). However, the block structure underneath the variable length record recording is based on a block size of circa 124 KB. Further, writing doubles filemarks and such can cause a loss of up to the underlying block size. Thus even though there are no inter-record gaps on DAT, larger savesets are still usually best. The compression algorithms used on various devices are generally not documented-further, there is no way to calculate the effective data compression ratio, the tape mark overhead, and similar given just the data to be stored on tape-short of actually trying it, of course. A typical compression ratio found with "everyday" data is somewhere around 1:1.8 to 1:2. Note: OpenVMS often uses the term COMPACTION for compression control, as in the qualifier /MEDIA_ FORMAT=COMPACTION. __________________________________________________________ 12.4 So what happened to sys$cmsuper? There is no SYS$CMSUPR service. The typical wisdom for getting into supervisor access mode (from user mode) is to execute a routine in executive mode (via a call to SYS$CMEXEC and the appropriate privilege) and then issue a SYS$DCLAST with the ASTADR parameter pointing to your routine entry point and the ACMODE parameter specified as PSL$C_ SUPER. Alternatively, you can reset mode in the call stack return path and unwind from executive or kernel out into supervisor mode. 12-4 Miscellaneous Information __________________________________________________________ 12.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF? If you have multiple LMF$LICENSE.LDB databases in your OpenVMS Cluster, then each and every PAK must be installed in each and every license database present in an OpenVMS Cluster. Even if you use /EXCLUDE or /INCLUDE, you need to have a consistent set of PAKs registered across all licensing databases present in the OpenVMS Cluster. If your software license permits it, you can use the following two commands to transfer license PAKs: $ LICENSE COPY... $ LICENSE ISSUE/PROCEDURE/OUTPUT=file product,... To display the particular license(s) required (such as when you receive a NOLICENSE error), use the following DCL sequence: $ SET PROCESS/PRIVILEGE=ALL $ REPLY/ENABLE $ DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE LMF$DISPLAY_OPCOM_MESSAGE This logical name will cause all license failures to generate OPCOM messages, and this will hopefully show which license(s) you need- there may well also be additional license failures displayed, as various products can check for and can be enabled by multiple license PAKs. You will want to deassign this logical name when done. Some of the more common license PAKs: DECnet Phase IV: DVNETRTG, DVNETEND, DVNETEXT, or NET-APP-SUP* DECnet-Plus: DVNETRTG, DVNETEND, DVNETEXT, or NET-APP-SUP* TCP/IP Services: UCX, or NET-APP-SUP* OpenVMS Alpha: OPENVMS-ALPHA and OPENVMS-ALPHA-USER OpenVMS VAX: VAX-VMS OpenVMS Galaxy: OPENVMS-GALAXY Cluster (Alpha): VMSCLUSTER, NET-APP-SUP* Cluster (VAX): VAXCLUSTER, NET-APP-SUP* 12-5 Miscellaneous Information Various NET-APP-SUP (NAS) license packages are available, each with differing collections of products authorized. See the various NAS Software Product Description (SPD) documents for specific details. o http://www.compaq.com/info/spd/ OpenVMS typically uses SPD 25.01.xx and/or SPD 41.87.xx. To determine which license PAK is failing (via a license check failure OPCOM message), use the command: $ DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE LMF$DISPLAY_OPCOM_MESSAGE TRUE Realize that defining this logical name will cause license checks that are otherwise hidden (unimplemented, latent, or part of a check for any of a series of licenses) to become visible. In other words, expect to see some spurious license check calls when you define this. For information on PAKGEN and on generating license PAKs, please see Section 10.10. 12-6 _______________________________________________________ 13 Finding and using Software __________________________________________________________ 13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS? o Details on many commercial OpenVMS products are available in the catalog located at: o http://www.compaq.com/csa/directory/ o An OpenVMS Freeware CD-ROM is distributed with OpenVMS, and is also available separately (QA-6KZAA- H8). The contents of the OpenVMS Freeware CD-ROM media are also available online at: o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/freeware/ o ftp://ftp.montagar.com/ o ftp://mvb.saic.com/freewarev40/ and at various other sites. The website also includes various updates and new packages that become available after the CD-ROM distributions are created. Submissions to the OpenVMS Freeware can be made via: o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/freeware/ To acquire the OpenVMS Freeware CD-ROM distribution, you can order an OpenVMS distribution from HP (the Freeware is included)(see the OpenVMS SPD for part numbers), or you can specifically order a Freeware distribution from HP under part number: o QA-6KZAA-H8 The Freeware CD-ROM set contains a large assortment of freeware, and is a good starting point if looking for utilities. Many of the packages listed below are also on the Freeware CD. Some of the most oft- requested OpenVMS tools on the Freeware CD include ZIP and UNZIP and GZIP (please see SOFT14), MMK 13-1 Finding and using Software (make), PINE, PERL, TAR, UUENCODE and UUDECODE. Many other tools are available on the Freeware. o The UUENCODE and UUDECODE tools and various other tools are also available as part of TCP/IP Services package. (Use the DCL command procedure SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$DEFINE_COMMANDS.COM available on V5.0 and later to set up the necessary DCL foreign command symbols used for these and for various other tools provided by TCP/IP Services.) o OpenVMS software (formerly at Western Kentucky University (WKU) is now available via Madgoat and via Process Software archives: o http://www.process.com/openvms/index.html o http://www.madgoat.com/ o The FILESERV packages are also available via anonymous FTP from: o ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/ o ftp.process.com, under [.WKU.VMS.FILESERV]. o ftp.vms.stacken.kth.se, under [.MIRRORS.WKU.VMS.FILESERV]. o ftp.ctrl-c.liu.se, under [.WKU.VMS.FILESERV]. o ftp.riken.go.jp o ftp.vsm.com.au, under kits and kits/decwindows. o ftp.vsm.com.au, via the WWW instead of FTP. The packages are also available via e-mail from FILESERV@PROCESS.COM. Send the commands HELP and DIR ALL in the body of a mail message to this email address for further information on retrieving the files. o Arne Vajh�j operates an OpenVMS website, with software and other pointers, at: o http://www.levitte.org/~ava/ 13-2 Finding and using Software o Jouk maintains a summary of various public-domain and open-source software ports, and specifically ports of packages for use on OpenVMS, at: o http://nchrem.tnw.tudelft.nl/openvms/ o The Kermit file transfer package is available at: o http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ o ftp://kermit.columbia.edu/ o ZMODEM is available at: o ftp://ftp.cs.pdx.edu/pub/zmodem See the FILES file in that directory for further details. Note that this freeware version of ZMODEM will interoperate only with ZMODEM software that is licensed from Omen Technology. (This package is also available on various of the Freeware distributions.) o A good source of software for OpenVMS systems and for various other platforms is the Encompass (formerly known as DECUS) library. Online catalogs are available as well as some software via o ftp://ftp.decus.org o gopher://gopher.decus.org/ o http://www.decus.org/ o DECUS SIG Tape collections are available on Mark Berryman's system, o ftp://mvb.saic.com/ o David Jones's DECthreads-based HTTP_SERVER World- Wide Web server for OpenVMS, often known as the OSU webserver: o http://kcgl1.eng.ohio- state.edu/www/doc/serverinfo.html o Secure Shell (SSH) Server for OpenVMS: o http://kcgl1.eng.ohio-state.edu/~JONESD/ssh/DOC/ Secure Shell (SSH) FISH Client for OpenVMS: o http://www.free.lp.se/fish/ Information on OpenSSL (SSLeay) for OpenVMS: 13-3 Finding and using Software o http://www.free.lp.se/openssl/ o http://www.free.lp.se/fish/ Information on OpenSSL (SSLeay) and OSU Web server interoperation: o http://www.ourservers.net/openvms_ports/ OpenSSL is included with OpenVMS V7.3-1 and later. o DECwindows Motif V1.2-3 includes NCSA Mosaic 2.4 built for TCP/IP Services (UCX). V1.2-4 includes Spyglass Enhanced Mosaic, which supports many of the Netscape enhancements. Versions of the Netscape Navigator and particularly the Mozilla Web Browser are also available for OpenVMS. The Compaq Secure Web Browser (CSWB) kit is a packaged version of the Mozilla.org Mozilla Web Browser. <(CSWB) o A port of the NCSA Mosaic web browser that supports TCP/IP Services, Multinet and SOCKETSHR/NETLIB is available from: o ftp://wvnvms.wvnet.edu/mosaic/ Versions of the Mosaic web browser are also available on the Freeware. o Lynx (a character-cell World-Wide-Web web browser) is available from o ftp://ftp2.cc.ukans.edu/pub/lynx Versions of Lynx, a character-cell web browser, are also available on the OpenVMS Freeware. o The Netscape Navigator and Mozilla web browsers are available at: o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html o http://www.mozilla.org/ o PGP (Phil Zimmerman's "Pretty Good Privacy") is available from various distribution sites, including those listed in the PGP FAQ. Information on PGP and on OpenVMS downloads of PGP is available. Relevant URLs include: o http://www.ipgpp.org/ 13-4 Finding and using Software o http://web.mit.edu/network/pgp.html o http://www.pgpi.com/ o http://www.yrl.co.uk/~phil/pds/pds.html o http://www.nai.com/ o GNU Privacy Guard (GPG, GnuPG) is available. Search the comp.os.vms newsgroup archives for information regarding GnuPG; the source code, binaries for various platforms, and documentation are all available at: o http://www.gnupg.org/ The OpenVMS source code and OpenVMS Alpha images can be found at: o http://saf.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/openvms/ o ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/mathog/ As of this writing, the port only runs on OpenVMS Alpha, but an investigation of an OpenVMS VAX port is reportedly under consideration. o An archive of the CENA DECwindows, X Windows, and VMS software packages can be found at the following sites: o http://decwarch.free.fr/ o ftp://ftp2.cnam.fr/decwindows/ o ftp://ftp.ctrl-c.liu.se/decwindows/ o ftp://ftp.vms.stacken.kth.se/mirrors/decwindows/ o http://www.multimania.com/pmoreau/decw/ Other FTP mirror sites for the DECwindows archive include: o axp.psl.ku.dk (Multinet) o ftp2.cnam.fr (MadGoat) ftp.x.org (in /contrib/vms) is effectively not a mirror, but it does have various OpenVMS packages from the DECwindows archive. A list of the http mirror sites for the DECwindows archive is available at: 13-5 Finding and using Software o http://axp616.gsi.de:8080/wwwar/cena/decwindows/cena.html Various of these packages are also available on the Freeware. o ImageMagick is an X11 package for display and interactive manipulation of images. The package includes tools for image conversion, annotation, compositing, animation, and creating montages. ImageMagick can read and write many of the more popular image formats (e.g. JPEG, TIFF, PNM, XPM, Photo CD, etc.). o http://www.imagemagick.org/ Versions of ImageMagick are also included on the Freeware. o XV is a image viewing and editing tool and is available from: o ftp://ftp.cis.upenn.edu/pub/xv o http://www.sanface.com/ o ftp://www-pi.physics.uiowa.edu/~dyson/xv/ o Many software packages are available for displaying various bitmap files (.JPG, .GIF, .BMP, etc) on OpenVMS. Xloadimage, Xli, Xv, ImageMagick are the most common tools used under OpenVMS. Various web browsers such as Mozilla (qv) can also display various file formats on OpenVMS. You can find some of these tools at the DECwindows Archive: o http://www.multimania.com/pmoreau/decw/index.html o http://www.multimania.com/pmoreau/decw/images.html o GHOSTSCRIPT (gs) and GHOSTVIEW (gv) are available from: o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/freeware/freeware50/ Versions are also available on the Freeware. Also see: o http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gnu/ 13-6 Finding and using Software o XPDF, a viewer for PDF (Adobe Acrobat) files, is available from: o http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf/ Also available on the Freeware. Beware: the XPDF tool included on OpenVMS Freeware V4.0 is dated, and has been found to have various bugs. Use the Freeware V5.0 version of the XPDF kit, or later. A Java-based PDF viewer is available from Adobe, and is known to operate on recent OpenVMS Alpha releases: o http://www.adobe.com/ o Various OpenVMS-related tools-both freeware and shareware-such as txt2pdf-are available from at: o http://www.sanface.com/ o The MPEG library version 1.1 is available for OpenVMS VAX and Alpha at o ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/vms/mpeglib-11-vms.readme o ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/vms/mpeglib-11-vms.zip Various MPEG players and related tools are available on the Freeware. o An Archie clone is available at INFO.CS.PUB.RO. Telnet to that machine, and login as VMSARCI. It contains now listings for over 30 ftp servers with over 14 gigabytes of OpenVMS software. The most useful commands are LIST, which generates a list of scanned ftp servers, and FIND string, whichs looks for a file containing "string" in the name; the search modes are only "substring" [default] and "exact", and regex search is not supported (so FIND EMACS will work, but FIND *EMACS* or FIND *EMACS*.* will not). The search is case-insensitive. The maintainer of the site (stfp@roipb.cs.ipb.ro) requests that anyone submit notifications of FTP servers with OpenvMS software that are not listed on the site. 13-7 Finding and using Software o The Levitte (extended :-) Family (and OpenVMS) website: o http://www.levitte.org/ o http://www.levitte.org/~ava/ o Robert Alan Byer's OpenVMS Hobbyist Systems, including OpenVMS public domain software and various ports: o http://www.ourservers.net/ o CalTech Software Archives: o http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/AAA_ CONTENTS.TXT o DJE Systems Website (David J. Dachtera) o http://www.djesys.com/freeware/vms/ o Web Servers: Apache Web server (HP (Compaq) Secure Web Server (CSWS)): o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html o http://www.er6.eng.ohio- state.edu/~jonesd/apache/1_3_9/ The SOAP Toolkit is available at the OpenVMS website. OSU Web server o http://www.er6.eng.ohio- state.edu/www/doc/serverinfo.html o http://www.kjsl.com/archives/ o email list: VMS-WEB-daemon-Request@KJSL.COM WASD Web server o http://wasd.vsm.com.au/wasd/ Purveyor Web server: o email list: listserv@cjis.ci.lincoln.ne.us, no subject, one line message: SUBSCRIBE PURVEYOR FastCGI software is available from: o http://www.DigitalSynergyInc.com/ 13-8 Finding and using Software o CD-R (CD-Recordable) media tools are available, please see Section 9.7. o Grace (WYSIWYG 2D plotting tool) o http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/Grace/ o The POV-Ray ("Persistance of Vision" Raytracer) ray- tracing graphics package is available on the OpenVMS Freeware. o Majordomo mailing list handler: o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html o PINE (OpenVMS tools for sending and receiving MIME mail): o ftp://ftp2.kcl.ac.uk/pub/vms/pine-vms/ o http://www.agh.cc.kcl.ac.uk/files/vms/pine-vms/ A MIME tool is available in OpenVMS V7.2 and later. Also see the mmencode base64 encode and decode available at: o http://nucwww.chem.sunysb.edu/htbin/software_ list.cgi o Menufinder (menu-driven system management environment): o http://www.itre.com/mf/download.html o SYSLOGCLIENT (a client for processing SYSLOG requests) has been provided for download by Mark Hemker at: o http://home.insightbb.com/~hemker/vms.html o tcgmsg, pvm, mpi, linda: o ftp://v36.chemie.uni-konstanz.de/tcgmsg_ vms/tcgmsg_vms.zip o OpenVMS software that can control a Tripp-Lite Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS) is available from: o http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/TCONTROL.ZIP 13-9 Finding and using Software UPShot web-based software for controlling a UPS is available from: o http://www.tmesis.com/apc/beta.htmlx OpenVMS software for controlling Liebert UPS devices are available from the Liebert website: o http://www.liebert.com/apc/beta.htmlx o Examples of using the OpenVMS Foreign MAIL interface are available at: o http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/collection/foreignmail.zip o http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/nbl/nbl.zip o For tools to manage or to search your OpenVMS MAIL file, see: o http://vms.process.com/scripts/fileserv/fileserv.com?MLSEARCH o AscToHTM attempts to convert any plain text file to HTML, while AscToTab restricts itself to files that are plain text tables. (Versions are also availabe on the OpenVMS Freeware). o http://www.jafsoft.com/asctohtm/index.html o http://www.jafsoft.com/asctotab/index.html o Information on the SAMBA package, a package that provides SMB-based Microsoft Windows PC disk and print services for OpenVMS, is available at: o http://ifn03.ifn.ing.tu-bs.de/ifn/sonst/samba- vms.html o http://www.samba.org/ To subscribe to the SAMBA-VMS mailing list e-mail listproc@samba.org with no subject line and the following single line of text: subscribe samba-vms Your Full Name Also see: o http://lists.samba.org/ o The Perl language is available for OpenVMS, see Section 13.10 for details. 13-10 Finding and using Software o XML is available for OpenVMS. Source code of an XML Parser is available from Oracle. Also see: o http://www.python.org/sigs/xml-sig/ An XML parser is available as part of OpenVMS V7.3 and later. o GTK+ (The GIMP GUI Tookit) for OpenVMS: o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html o The OpenVMS Porting Library now available, and is intended to permit easier porting of C and C++ applications from UNIX systems to OpenVMS: o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html GTK is also available. o Mlucas (specialized FFT): o ftp://hogranch.com/pub/mayer/README.html o Tools to monitor the terminals and the activity of other OpenVMS users (in addition to existing auditing capabilities in OpenVMS) are available. Peek and Spy (Networking Dynamics) and Contrl (Raxco) are two of the commercial packages, while the freeware Supervisor package is available on OpenVMS VAX. o http://www.networkingdynamics.com/ o http://www.raxco.com/ o Python for OpenVMS: o http://www.python.org/ Also see the OpenVMS Freeware. o Various packages for OpenVMS: o http://richj.home.mindspring.com/richware/index.html o http://www3.sympatico.ca/n.rieck/links/cool_vax_ vms.html 13-11 Finding and using Software o TSM (Terminal Server Manager) is available via: o http://www.compaq.com/support/digital_networks_ archive/servers/tsm/index.html o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/freeware/freeware50/ o Beware: The TSM saveset shipped on the Freeware V5.0 disk media is busted. Download a new copy of the saveset from the Freeware website. o TCL for OpenVMS: o ftp://sapodilla.rsmas.miami.edu/pub/VMS-tcl/ o make, gmake, mmk and other build tools are available on the Freeware. o An OpenVMS port of the ht://Dig web search engine is available at: o ftp://ftp.pdv-systeme.de/vms/ o A mySQL database client is available at: o http://mysql.holywar.net/Downloads/MySQL- 3.22/mysql-3.22.25-clients-vms.zip o http://mysql.holywar.net/Downloads/MySQL- 3.22/mysql-3.22.25-clients-vms.readme For additional information related to the mySQL port, please search the comp.os.vms newsgroup archives. o If you need to change the file modification date and are looking for a utility such as the UNIX touch tool, look at DFU on the OpenVMS Freeware (DFU SET or simular), or use an existing DCL commands such as: $ SET FILE/PROTECT=(current_protection_mask) [...]*.* o A table listing translations between UNIX shell and OpenVMS DCL commands was posted to comp.os.vms by Christopher Smith some time ago. This page should be available from the google newsgroup archives. 13-12 Finding and using Software o The UNIX touch tool is available via various means: $ RENAME filename.ext;version * o http://nucwww.chem.sunysb.edu/helplib/@hvmsapps/TOUCH MadGoat FILE tool (see the MadGoat archives) o use /REVISION_DATE or /CREATION_DATE The DFU tool (see the OpenVMS Freeware) The pair: $ set file 'p1' /acl=(ident=[system],access=none) $ set file 'p1' /acl=(ident=[system],access=none) /delete $ SET FILE/VERSION=0 The following hack: $! Command procedure SETDATE.COM $! $! Changes the DATES for an input file to a $! file named OUTFILE. $! $assign/nolog 'p1' outfile $convert/fdl=sys$input 'p1' outfile: date creation 01-apr-2010 expiration 01-Apr-2012 revision 01-Apr-2011 backup ... The following RMS system service sequence: o sys$open(), with the XABRDT XAB structure chained. o set the desired values within the XABRDT XAB. o sys$close() 13-13 Finding and using Software __________________________________________________________ 13.2__Where_can_I_find_UNIX_tools for OpenVMS? 13.2.1 POSIX-compliant versions of POSIX routines and utilities lex, yacc, grep, tar, uuencode, uudecode, rcs, man, cpio, make, awk, ar, mail, etc., the POSIX shell, the POSIX C programming interface, etc. POSIX utilities can be used from within the POSIX shell, and via the DCL `POSIX/RUN POSIX$BIN:tool.' command. POSIX is a separately-installed package, and is licensed with OpenVMS V5.5 later. The POSIX installation kit is included on the consolidated distribution CD-ROM kit, and installation kits are also available separately. The POSIX package is no longer supported on OpenVMS, components of the POSIX standard such as parts of the POSIX API are being added into OpenVMS. Versions of POSIX generally do not operate on V7.x OpenVMS VAX and OpenVMS Alpha releases. _____________________________ 13.2.2 C system and library routines Common C system and library routines are present in the DEC C run-time library, which is available for V5.5 and later, and is shipped in V6.1 and later. DEC C is the upgrade for VAX C, DEC C and VAX C can coexist on the same system OpenVMS VAX system, and both compilers can be enabled via the "C" license PAK. Also see SYS$EXAMPLES:, and (if either is installed) the DECW$EXAMPLES: and TCPIP$EXAMPLES (or prior to V5.0, UCX$EXAMPLES:) areas. _____________________________ 13.2.3 X Windows utilities and routines Various X Windows utilities are available for DECwindows. DECwindows is an implementation of the X Windows environment and libraries, and provides various libraries, and provides various desktop interfaces, including COE, Motif, and XUI. 13-14 Finding and using Software xwd, xev, mosaic web browser, xrdb, bmtoa and atobm, xpr, ico, etc. are available. Look in DECW$UTILS: in DECwindows Motif V1.2-3 and later. Also see DECW$EXAMPLES: for example X and C programs. Miscellaneous tools and examples are also available. Examples include the older DWAUTH (X Windows SYSUAF authorize-like tool) tool, various versions of grep, fgrep, yacc, vmstar, uuencode, gawk, etc. html tools, the mx SMTP mail exchange package, X windows flight simulator, the mxrn X windows news reader, the OSU HTTPD WWW server, a WWW gopher browser, etc. are all on the various Freeware distributions. _____________________________ 13.2.4 TCP/IP Tools and Utilities for OpenVMS? TCP/IP Services (formerly known as UCX) contains tools such as ping, uuencode, smtp, snmp, rcp, nfs, tnfs, etc. OpenVMS V6.2 and later includes DCL-integrated support for various IP tools, with commands such as SET HOST/TELNET, and COPY/FTP. This interface requires the installation of an IP stack, and UCX V3.3 and later as well as any current third-party IP stack can be used. Once the IP stack is installed and configured, the DCL command qualifiers such as /FTP, /RCP, /RLOGIN, /TELNET, and /TN3270 are available on the various DCL commands. Various C programming examples in TCPIP$EXAMPLES and (on releases prior to V5.0) in UCX$EXAMPLES:. _____________________________ 13.2.5 The vi text editor vile, vim and elvis are all clones of the vi text editor, and all operate on OpenVMS. Versions of vile are available on the Freeware and at: o http://www.clark.net/pub/dickey/vile/vile.html 13-15 Finding and using Software vim: vi improved o http://www.polarfox.com/vim/ _____________________________ 13.2.6 Various GNU tools Information on the GNU on VMS (GNV) Project, which aims to port GNU software (bash, flex, bison, etc) to OpenVMS, is available at: o http://gnv.sourceforge.net/ Software info: o http://vms.gnu.ai.mit.edu/software/ Software archive: o ftp://vms.gnu.ai.mit.edu/gnu-vms/software/ Various GNU tools are also available on the Freeware. _____________________________ 13.2.6.1 GCC compiler A mirror for work performed at the ProGIS company in Germany in porting GCC (GNU C) to OpenVMS Alpha and OpenVMS VAX is available at: o ftp://vms.gnu.org/progis_mirror/gcc o http://www.levitte.org/~ava/vms_gnu.htmlx o ftp://ftp.caltech.edu/pub/rankin/ There are also updated header files for GCC on OpenVMS VAX that allow it to work with TCP/IP Sockets and the HP C RTL at: o ftp://ftp.qsl.net/pub/wb8tyw/gcc281_u/ The HP C compiler and other development tools are part of the OpenVMS Hobbyist licensing program for non-commercial users, and these and other tools are available to commercial developers via the HP DSPP partner program. (See Section 2.14 for information on DSPP.) 13-16 Finding and using Software _____________________________ 13.2.7 Console Management Options Some of the available console management options for OpenVMS: o http://www.robomon.com/ (Heroix) o http://www.ki.com/products/clim/ (KI Products) o http://www.globalmt.com/ (Global Maintech) o http://www.tditx.com/ (TECsys) o http://www.cai.com/products/commandit.htm (CA) __________________________________________________________ 13.3 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser? Mozilla.org is an open source organization providing HTML-related tools; software that is the basis for various utilities including the Mozilla web browser. OpenVMS Engineering is continuously porting Mozilla.org's web browser to OpenVMS, and OpenVMS ports of the current Mozilla baselevels and releases are available. The OpenVMS Mozilla port includes the web browser, the mail client, the Composer HTML editor, an IRC chat client, a netnews (NNTP) reader, and various other tools. The Mozilla web browser download and the development and release schedules for this and for other Mozilla- related tools are available at: o http://www.mozilla.org/ The available Compaq Secure Web Browser (CSWB) kit is a packaged version of the Mozilla Web Browser. A hardware configuration appropriate for Mozilla generally involves an OpenVMS Alpha system with an EV56 Alpha microprocessor, or an EV6 or more recent processor, and with 256 megabytes of system memory. The performance of Mozilla on EV5-based and earlier Alpha microprocessor systems is generally viewed as inadequate, this due to the extensive use of an Alpha instruction subset that is first available with the EV56 microprocessor generation. 13-17 Finding and using Software Mozilla is not available for OpenVMS VAX. Various versions of the Netscape Navigator web browser are based on the Mozilla code-base. See section Section 13.8 for information on various certificates for the Netscape Navigator V3.03 web browser; certificates that have presently expired. __________________________________________________________ 13.4 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS? Java is available on and is included with OpenVMS Alpha, starting with the OpenVMS Alpha V7.2 and later releases. Java download kits are available for OpenVMS Alpha V7.1 and later releases. Java is not available on OpenVMS VAX. As for why: the Java language definition requires a floating point format (IEEE) that is not native to VAX, and this would require the emulation of all floating point operations within Java applications. Further, the C source code used to implement for Java itself is heavily dependent on passing IEEE floating point values around among the many internal subroutines, and adding support for VAX would entail changes to the HP C compiler for OpenVMS VAX-and specifically to the VAX VCG code generator that is used by HP C on OpenVMS VAX systems-in order to add support for passing IEEE-format floating point doubles around. Alternatively, extensive changes to the Java source code to remove the assumption that the double is an IEEE floating point value. There are currently no plans to make a version of Java available for OpenVMS VAX. (A prototype version of Java was created for OpenVMS VAX, and performance was found to be inadequate. At best.) If Java2 or other environment lifts the requirements for IEEE floating point as part of the language definition, this decision may be revisited. If you are having problems with Display Postscript, you need to upgrade your Java kit-1.2.2-3 and later remove the requirement for Display Postcript extensions, and Java 1.2.2-3 is required with DECwindows V1.2-6 and later. 13-18 Finding and using Software For additional information on Java for Alpha systems, please see the OpenVMS documentation (V7.2 and later), and the following site: o http://www.compaq.com/java/alpha/index.html HP (Compaq) Secure Web Server (CSWS) includes CSWS_ JAVA, which provides the following Apache Tomcat technologies: JavaServer Pages 1.1, Java Servlet 2.2, and MOD_JK. (CSWS is based on the Apache web server. See SOFT1.) __________________________________________________________ 13.5 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script? If you choose to use the GET method, then the form data is available in the DCL symbol QUERY_STRING, in URL-encoded format. If you use the POST method, then you need to read the form data from stdin. For a DCL CGI script running under the Netscape FastTrack web server, you can read the data using the following READ command: $ READ SYS$COMMAND postdata to read the information in. The following describes the use of DCL command procedures as CGI scripts with the OSU web server: o http://www.levitte.org/~ava/cgiscripts_other.htmlx DCL CGI is also discussed in the Writing Real Programs in DCL book, and in the Ask The Wizard website. __________________________________________________________ 13.6 How can a batch job get its own batch entry number? To have a batch procedure retrieve its own batch entry number, use the following: $ Entry = F$GETQUI("DISPLAY_ENTRY", - "entry_number","display_entry","this_job") 13-19 Finding and using Software Remember that the entry numbers issued by the OpenVMS Job Controller are always opaque longword values. Do not assume you know the format of the entry number, nor the range of entry numbers you might see, nor the algorithm that is used to assign enty numbers. You should simply assume opaque longword. __________________________________________________________ 13.7 How do I convert to new CMS libraries? A change was made to the format of the CMS database for CMS libraries starting with V3.5-03-to ensure that earlier versions of CMS are unable to access the database once the "conversion" to V3.5-05 and later is made, you must issue the following two commands when upgrading from V3.5-03 and prior. (The only differences between CMS version V3.5-03 and CMS version V3.5-05 involve changes to ensure that np earlier version of CMS can access the "converted" database.) To perform the "conversion", issue the following commands for each CMS library present: $ RENAME disk:[directory]00CMS.* 01CMS.* $ COPY NLA0: disk:[directory]00CMS.CMS The new file 00CMS.CMS must have the same security settings as the 01CMS.CMS file, and is created solely to ensure continued compatibility with tools that expect to find a 00CMS.CMS file (eg: various versions of the Language-Sensitive text editor LSEDIT). If you choose to install and use the longer variant names support that is available with CMS V4.1 or later, you cannot mix earlier CMS versions within a cluster. If you attempt to mix older and newer versions, you will typically see the following BADLIB and BADTYPSTR error sequence when accessing the CMS library from the older CMS versions: %CMS-F-BADLIB, there is something wrong with your library -CMS-F-BADTYPSTR, header block type is 145; it should be 17 Please see the CMS V4.1 release notes for additional details on this. 13-20 Finding and using Software __________________________________________________________ 13.8 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator? The URLs that are available for adding or updating root certificates are: o http://www.entrust.net/customer/generalinfo/import.htm entrust o http://www.thawte.com/ thwate o https://www.verisign.com/server/prg/browser/root.html verisign To update certificates in Netscape Navigator V3.03 on OpenVMS, use the following: Thawte Server certificate which expired in 1998: 1 Under the Options Menu choose "Security Preferences..." 2 Select the "Site Certificates" tab 3 Select "Thawte Server CA" in the list of certificates 4 Select "Delete Certificate" and then "OK" 5 Go to http://www.thawte.com/serverbasic.crt 6 Follow the instructions on the popup dialog box to accept the certificate This involves hitting the "Next" button and clicking an accept button, and then naming the resulting certificate. The certificate is usually named with the same name as the original. VeriSign/RSA Server certificate which expired 31-Dec- 1999: 1 Under the Options Menu choose "Security Preferences..." 2 Select the "Site Certificates" tab 3 Select "Verisign/RSA Secure Server CA" in the list of certificates 4 Select "Delete Certificate" and then "OK" 5 Go to https://www.verisign.com/server/prg/browser/root.html 13-21 Finding and using Software 6 Follow the instructions on the popup dialog box to accept the certificate This involves hitting the "Next" button and clicking an accept button, and then naming the resulting certificate. Verisign suggests using the name "VeriSign CA". __________________________________________________________ 13.9 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work? The DCL symbol substitution processing occurs only at the DCL prompt, not within data and not within files. If you wish to perform symbol substitution in this environment, you typically write a small file containing the command(s) and data to be invoked- potentially only the data-and you then invoke the created procedure or reference the specified data. In this case, use of a file containing nolinemode commands or other techniques might be useful-you will want to ensure that the text editor you use does not attempt to use screen mode or similar, as this is not generally considered adventageous within a command procedure. Tools such as FTP have alternatives: COPY/FTP. DCL symbol substitution occurs in two passes, using the ampersand and the apostrophe. In most cases, only the apostrophe is necessary. In a few cases-such as the DCL PIPE command-you will may need to use the ampersand to get the substitution to work. The following example uses ampersand substitution to transfer the contents of the header into a logical name: $ PIPE CC/VERSION | (READ SYS$PIPE hdr ; DEFINE/JOB/NOLOG hdr &hdr ) A logical name (in the job logical name table; shared by all processes in the current job) was used as DCL symbols cannot be returned back out from a DCL PIPE or other spawned subprocess. 13-22 Finding and using Software __________________________________________________________ 13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS? OpenVMS support is included in the standard distribution of Perl, the popular scripting language created by Larry Wall. In addition to nearly all of the functionality available under Unix, OpenVMS- specific Perl modules provide interfaces to many native features, as well as access to Oracle, Ingres, and Sybase databases via the Perl DBI available on OpenVMS. A website useful for getting started with Perl on OpenVMS-where you will find such things as download links, instructions, auxiliary tools, and sample scripts-is available at: o http://www.sidhe.org/vmsperl If you have a C compiler, the best way to obtain Perl is to download and build it yourself. The latest production quality source kit is available from: o http://www.perl.com/CPAN/src/stable.tar.gz You will need GUNZIP and VMSTAR (both available from the OpenVMS Freeware CD, or from other sites) to unpack the archive; once you've done that, read the instructions in the README.vms file. Binary distributions for most Alpha and VAX environments are available on the OpenVMS Freeware CD- ROM and from various websites, including the following: o http://www.sidhe.org/vmsperl/prebuilt.html o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/freeware/perl5/ During active Perl development cycles, test kits are sometimes found at: from: o ftp://ftp.sidhe.org/ Watch the mailing list (see below) for details on experimental releases. 13-23 Finding and using Software Charles Lane maintains pages on how to write CGI scripts in Perl for the OSU HTTP server, as well as more general tips, tricks, and patches for building and running Perl on OpenVMS: o http://www.crinoid.com/crinoid.htmlx There are OpenVMS-specific Perl modules that implement interfaces to a subset of the VMS System Services. With these modules, you can get (and often set) device, job, queue, user, system, and performance information. The lock manager, RMS indexed files, screen management utilities, and Intracluster Communication Services are also accessible via Perl. The relevant modules are all available from: o http://www.perl.com/CPAN/modules/by-module/VMS To subscribe to the OpenVMS Perl mailing list (a discussion forum for both user support and new development), send an email message to vmsperl- subscribe@perl.org The mailing list archives may be searched at: o http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/vmsperl __________________________________________________________ 13.11 Obtaining the DECmigrate (VEST and TIE) translator? The DECmigrate image translation tool, a tool that translates OpenVMS VAX images for use on OpenVMS Alpha is available at: o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/products/omsva/ VEST is the name sometimes given to the DECmigrate translation tool, while TIE names the DECmigrate run- time environment. Please see Section 7.4 and Section 13.13 for related information. 13-24 ---------------------------- #include ----------------------------- For additional, please see the OpenVMS FAQ -- www.hp.com/go/openvms/faq --------------------------- pure personal opinion --------------------------- Hoff (Stephen) Hoffman OpenVMS Engineering hoff[at]hp.com